I think my next step is reinstalling Pro. UPDATE 12:33PM Eastern: I tried running license server on my laptop, and Pro still does not show any concurrent licenses. I know I can install license server on my laptop as a temp solution, but I want to do this the correct way.
I would like to avoid having to downgrade my installations. ESRI support gave me a temp license to use until they figure it out. I had this somewhat working when I was at 2.8.2 and using license manager 2020.1. I've also followed the bulletin on how to configure my firewall on the server. The primary audience for this guide is any site administrator responsible for installing and managing ArcGIS Desktop, ArcGIS Engine, Esri CityEngine, or ArcGIS Pro concurrent use, and ArcGIS Pro or Premium App named user licenses with an on-premises Portal. I'm able to ping the license server from my laptop, and I'm able to ping my laptop from the license server. Concurrent Use licenses use ArcGIS License Manager, whereas Single Use licenses can be managed via ArcGIS Administrator. This guide is designed to help you perform tasks common to license management. I have all my ESRI licenses authorized on the license server, but I don't see any licenses available in ArcGIS Pro when I go to 'configure your license options'. Spent a couple days on this issue on my own and with ESRI support. Virtual Server: Server 2016, ESRI License Server Administrator 2021.0 Laptop: ArcGIS Pro 2.8.3 - Concurrent Standard, Windows 10